Author: Janice Higgins

Maggie Brunjes, Homeless Network Scotland’s chief executive, asks – can rough sleeping in Scotland get a fresh start?

Just weeks before the Covid-19 crisis emerged, we held a partner’s event on the theme of rough sleeping.

There were more people in the hall that day than there were people outside with the prospect of another night with nowhere to go. A comment on the strength of commitment and shared sense of unfairness. But also the crowding of a problem which has a relatively simple solution.

In these recent weeks, hundreds of people previously sleeping rough or in unsuitable B&Bs are now being supported in hotels, short term lets and other temporary places. Mobilised rapidly, it has been the most remarkable cross-sector response during the Covid-19 crisis.

But what happens next?

It is too simplistic to say that replacing rooms with houses at the close of this pandemic will end rough sleeping in Scotland. This of course is not a single group, but a constant ebb and flow of different people moving in and out rough sleeping and temporary places, sometimes more than once, often going through the toughest times of their lives.

But it will really help. Resolving current rough sleeping and putting the brakes on the risk of it happening across the full duration of the pandemic has not just ended the risk and trauma for people affected. It has also created a window – a small amount of space for local authorities, housing and third sector partners to capitalise with new measures to prevent new episodes of rough sleeping later this year, which will have a knock-on effect next year and beyond.

And that is the break we have never caught before.

COVID-19 has forced faster progress on key fronts. It is imperative not only to protect that progress, but to ensure there is no backwards movement in local and national efforts to tackle homelessness in the aftermath of the pandemic. That needs helped, but not crowded. So we have connected with leading academics and organisations to quickly plot where we can add value together, and how we can help develop the right framework to ensure we round up and not down post Covid-19.

More on that soon.

You can view the report from ‘joining the dots’ rough sleeping event.

In 2018/19, 1,822 homeless applications were recorded as having been from people leaving prison, which represents five per cent of the total. It is likely that this figure does not represent the full scale of the problem, with applicants often unwilling to reveal their background. With discussion around more widespread early release of prisoners across the UK gathering momentum due to the pandemic, Martin Gavin – Homeless Network Scotland’s head of external relations – asks, ‘Could it be the time to break the cycle?’

Leaving prison – particularly after a lengthy sentence – is daunting in normal circumstances, and these are not normal circumstances. When a support provider described having to explain the nature, scale and significance of COVID-19 to a person leaving prison this week, it captured for me how disconnected someone can become inside, and how frightening it must be transitioning in the throes of a pandemic.

COVID-19 is causing real concern in prisons. Both prisoners and prison officers have very sadly died as a result of contracting the virus, and others feel trapped in an environment where self-isolation is near impossible. It’s understandable why early release is one of several measures mentioned in the Coronavirus (Scotland) Act. While the power to order early release is now in place, my understanding is there are no immediate plans to use that power; the caveat being, this is a fast-moving train.

Despite no concrete plan to release early, numbers up to 4000 have been circulating. I’ve been told that a more realistic estimate, should this happen at some point in the future, is 200 – 700 prisoners released, made up of people close to finishing their sentence or appropriate prisoners in one of the high-risk groups for COVID-19.

A large-scale release of people without accommodation waiting is potentially a challenge for councils and housing associations but there may be cause for a more positive take. Under the Shore Standards, government makes clear that housing services, as part of wider society, have a key role in ensuring people in the justice system and those leaving it get the support they need to make a new start and ensure better shared outcomes. Surely this is a further opportunity for landlords to show their mettle in this national emergency, as many associations have by identifying empty homes and voids for use as temporary accommodation at very short notice.

I learned this week that the first 72 hours represent the critical window for transforming a person’s chances of a successful transition. This is enough time for a bank account to be set up, people can be taken to appointments in order to avoid missing out on benefits, and arrangements put in place to discourage unhelpful contact with people or places linked to previous offending. Settled, safe accommodation sits at the heart of this process.

Second only to a roof, evidence points to the value of solid, well-resourced support services being in place straight away, able to react from the moment someone is released, being crucial to successful transition. More than 1500 prisoners leave jail each month, many from remand or short sentences, so organisations that support them are not panicking at the prospect of an additional cohort.

The good news is that strong partnerships providing this support exist already, are often long-established and where possible the process starts before someone is released.

Everything about programmes such as New Routes mentoring support for people leaving prison, managed by Wise Group and delivered by local partners, is aimed at reducing reoffending and with great success. Currently, not being able to meet prisoners routinely, New Routes providers are distributing ‘liberation packs’ that include a basic mobile phone, bus timetables and other practical items to help people negotiate the outside world, along with advice on benefits and accommodation plus telephone and email support. This can be enough to set someone on the right path.

At HMP Low Moss the prisoner support pathway starts inside jail, and is designed to offer holistic and person-centred support, from sentencing through to pre-release, on-release and after-release community support, which is co-ordinated by a Pathway Practitioner. The partnership covers all the bases, and includes Turning Point Scotland and Action for Children, among others.

In Edinburgh, Your Home is a partnership between Sacro, Four Square, Link Living, Streetwork and Y-People, that provides help to maximise income, benefits, improve budgeting skills and reduce debt as well as accessing Housing Options to secure social or other housing. The service has 35 staff and supported more than 900 people last year.

Prisoners are not routinely being released early, and the guidance suggests that other steps would be taken before this was even considered.

In the meantime, landlords could do worse than build those bridges and joint protocols talked about in the Shore Standards. Enhance existing relationships and seek out new collaboration, if not for this emergency, then for what will come after to disrupt the pattern of homelessness for people leaving prison.

Through effective joint working and information sharing, support for people making the transition from prison into proper housing could be – should be – straightforward. The community justice sector is based on strong partnerships. Associations can be confident that sector remains robust and prepared for any new developments if the services I spoke to this week are typical.

Article orginally published in Scottish Housing News on 16 April 2020.

The response from the homelessness sector to COVID-19 continues at pace. Assessing whether the measures introduced in the past two weeks are the right ones, and what aspects we might want to retain, must be guided by people with expertise both as practitioners and through their own lived experience, says Martin Gavin – head of external relations at Homeless Network Scotland.

What’s been done so far is so obviously the right reaction to a crisis on this scale – removing barriers, eliminating delay and reducing bureaucracy to save lives and maintain services in whatever form we can. As we move forward in this new reality the voice of people with their own experience of homelessness can fine-tune and adapt policies shaped in an emergency.

Great strides have been made in the past two years since the ‘Aye We Can’ research gave voice to more than 400 people with lived experience, feeding into the Homelessness and Rough Sleeping Action Group (Harsag). In December 2019, All in for Change launched in Edinburgh. Some of the 30 or so members of the ‘Change Team’ have personal experience of being homeless, others have frontline responsibilities in local authorities, housing associations and third sector support providers.

Facilitated by Homeless Network Scotland, Cyrenians and Scottish Community Development Centre (SCDC), this Change Team is designed to place lived experience at the heart of system change. The inaugural meeting was attended by the Housing Minister, Kevin Stewart MSP, and the team had started supporting thinking around the Government’s Ending Homelessness Together plan before the pandemic took hold – setting out what’s working, and what’s getting in the way. This is proper co-production, bringing all the moving parts together, and is attracting attention beyond the homelessness sector. If the voice of lived experience matters when it’s ‘business as usual’ then it matters even more now.

COVID-19 was the theme at the most recent Change Team gathering. Some are concerned about the impact of this lockdown on their own mental health and the wellbeing of people they know. And key workers in the Change Team expressed guilt that they are ‘not doing enough’ (they are). 

The Change Team had three clear messages on COVID-19 and how it impacts on homelessness:

• How will housing applications be affected – faster, clearer information must reach people who need a house and those who support them. The Change Team can help with that. For people in hotels and temporary accommodation who are fast-tracked into housing, will furniture and starter packs be available?
• The team are seeing change at local micro-level, in streets and communities with more people and more community organisations getting involved. Can energy and resources be committed to ensure this collaboration continues?
• There’s an opportunity to assess and maybe retain remote and digital approaches to supporting people. For example, homelessness applications taken by phone. Digital tools and understanding of how to use them are not common to everyone, so a large training and support programme would be needed to make that work.

At the heart of All in for Change is the knowledge that services in the past have too often been designed ‘for’ people experiencing homelessness, rarely ‘by’ them. Far-reaching and potentially game-changing solutions are surfacing – how we evidence which of these are having the most impact and prevent abrogation of the best parts should be guided by people on the frontline.

Dr Beth Watts, a Senior Research Fellow at I-SPHERE, Heriot-Watt University and an expert on homelessness policy, summed up the current circumstances at the All in for Change meeting, saying: “We are currently in a critical and unusual window of opportunity in terms of having a positive impact on change around homeless services and delivery. We need to be bold and aspirational, shout about what is making a difference and what works.”

All in for Change is starting to gather evidence of what works, changes to policy and practice in recent weeks, and starting to build a picture of a new landscape in homelessness. If you would like to get involved in this work, get in touch.

Originally published 08 April 2020 in Scottish Housing News.